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The Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission (the “Commission”) was established in Nova Scotia, Canada in 1967 to administer the Nova Scotia ''Human Rights Act''. The Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission is the first commission in Canada to engage a restorative dispute resolution process. The Commission is an arm's-length independent agency of government accountable to the Nova Scotia Department of Justice for budgetary issues. The Commission's mandate under the Act includes: helping people prevent discrimination through public education and public policy, and effecting resolution in situations where a complaint of discriminatory behaviour has been initiated.〔http://humanrights.gov.ns.ca/〕 The Commission offers assistance to those trying to prevent discrimination on the basis of aboriginal origin, age, color, creed, disability (physical and mental and perception of it), ethnic origin, family status (parent-child relationship), fear of contracting an illness, gender expression,harassment based on other protected characteristics, national origin, marital status,sex (including pregnancy), sexual identity, sexual harassment, political belief, race, religion, source of income.〔The Nova Scotia ''Human Rights Act'', s. 5, RSNS; Bridglal Pachai, p. 91〕 It is also a violation to retaliate against someone who files a complaint or expresses an intention to complain or to retaliate against someone who assists in making a complaint.〔(NS Human Rights Act, s. 11)〕 == History == In the early sixties direct involvement of premier Robert Stanfield along with William Pearly Oliver were instrumental in laying the foundation in Nova Scotia for the establishment of the Commission.〔Andrew MacKay. First Chairperson. In Bridglal Pachai (ed). ''Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission: 25th Anniversary''. 1992. p. 19〕 Originally the mandate of the Commission was primarily to address the plight of Black Nova Scotians. In 1940, Dr. William Oliver volunteered for the Department of Education to improve the condition of ethnic minorities in Nova Scotia. After five years, he was hired on with the Department. The following year, 1946, the Viola Desmond case galvanized the civil rights movement in Nova Scotia. According to founding Commissioner Fred MacKinnon, Oliver spent these years, “organizing and promoting self-help in the black communities of the Province but, even more importantly, he did much to advance public support and understanding in and out of government in respect to the social and economic plight of Black Nova Scotians.”〔Fred MacKinnon, Commissioner. In Bridglal Pachai (ed). ''Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission: 25th Anniversary''. 1992. p. 36〕 In 1955 the Fair Employment Practices Act was passed followed by the Equal Pay Act of 1956, both acts were designed to prevent discrimination in the workplace. Premier Robert Stanfield came to power in 1956 and made Human Rights, particularly for Black Nova Scotians, one of his main priorities over his next eleven years as premier. In 1959, the assembly passed the Fair Accommodation Practices Act to guard against discrimination in public spaces. Stanfield reports that, "Clearly more than a declaration of equality was required. More than the passage of Laws against discrimination would be necessary before Blacks achieved real equality and clearly years of concerted effort would be necessary."〔Robert Stanfield. 25th Anniversary Launching Speech. In Bridglal Pachai (ed). ''Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission: 25th Anniversary''. 1992. p. 32〕 In 1962, Premier Stanfield created and led the Interdepartmental Committee on Human Rights.〔Fred MacKinnon, Commissioner. In Bridglal Pachai (ed). ''Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission: 25th Anniversary''. 1992. p. 36〕 The mandate of the committee was to encourage the work of Dr. William Oliver in the black communities and the new Social Development Program.〔Fred MacKinnon, Commissioner. In Bridglal Pachai (ed). ''Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission: 25th Anniversary''. 1992. p. 40〕 According to Fred MacKinnon, without Premier Stanfield’s “prodding, goading and encouraging” government into action, “Human Rights legislation might not have been introduced for at least another decade.”〔Fred MacKinnon, Commissioner. In Bridglal Pachai (ed). ''Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission: 25th Anniversary''. 1992. p. 41〕 The Premier codified and extended earlier legislation in the first Human Rights Act of 1963.〔Fred MacKinnon, Commissioner. In Bridglal Pachai (ed). ''Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission: 25th Anniversary''. 1992. p. 40〕 The government established the Education fund for Negros in 1965. While Premier Stanfield went into federal politics in 1967, he and Dr. Williams had laid the foundation for the Human Rights Commission to be established in that same year. Others who supported the early development of the Human Rights Commission were Donald Oliver, Gus Wedderburn, Carrie Best and Buddy Daye.〔Fred MacKinnon, Commissioner. In Bridglal Pachai (ed). ''Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission: 25th Anniversary''. 1992. p. 45〕 〔(Marie Riley. Righting the Wrongs: Gus Wedderburn's Quest for Social Justice in Nova Scotia. Pottersfield Press. )〕 The first employee of the Commission was Gordon Earle. The Commission quickly introduced wide-ranging legislation amendments to the Human Rights Act, “making the Nova Scotia legislation the strongest and most comprehensive of its kind in Canada.”〔Fred MacKinnon, Commissioner. In Bridglal Pachai (ed). ''Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission: 25th Anniversary''. 1992. p. 46〕 The Commission provided funds for William Oliver’s newest organization, the Black United Front and sponsored a two day workshop with activist Saul Alinsky.〔Fred MacKinnon, Commissioner. In Bridglal Pachai (ed). ''Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission: 25th Anniversary''. 1992. p. 47〕 In 1967, the Commission's explicit purpose was to challenge discrimination on racial, religious and ethnic grounds. In 1991, the Nova Scotia Human Rights Act and the Commission significantly broadened its mandate to include the following protected characteristics: Aboriginal Origin, Age, Family Status (the status of being in a parent and child relationship), Irrational Fear of Contracting an Illness (for example, to adequately protect people living with HIV/AIDS), Marital Status, Political Affiliation, Sex, Pregnancy, Sexual Harassment, Sex (Sexual Orientation). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nova Scotia Human Rights Commission」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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